Virus nanotechnology uses the specific properties of viruses for drug delivery, diagnostics, and biosensing applications in nanotechnology. Viruses have predictable structures and can be designed to deliver drugs directly to the target cells, minimizing side effects or using medical imaging and biosensors. Mammalian, bacteriophages, and plant viruses are used in gene delivery, vaccines, and immunotherapy. The World Vaccines R&D Conference promotes the research of such innovative virus-based nanomaterials, taking forward their possible application in the clinical and medical fields.